Analysis of the role of geological survey on the roadmap design for realizing the goal of carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality

China has committed to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, which is a national grand strategy for China in 2020. However, it is an extremely big challenge to realize these goals considering China’s current huge CO₂ emissions and energy consumption structure. The authors introduced the global carbon cycle and analyzed the contributions of carbon sources and sinks to the atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Besides, the roal and possible contributions of geological survey on promoting carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality were analyzed from two aspects, which were reducing CO₂ emissions and increasing CO₂ sinks, and the corresponding geological route was also put forward. Although the natural ecological carbon sinks are important, it is still impossible to eliminate all artificial CO₂ emissions, with some indeterminacy. Therefore, geological survey potential and the geological sink potential should be fully exerted to be an indispensable support for realizing the carbon neutrality goal.