基于无人机和InSAR技术的单体滑坡风险评价

    Single landslide risk assessment based on UAV and InSAR technologies

    • 摘要: 为克服地面调查在单体滑坡风险评价中的数据获取难题,研究提出了一种融合无人机与合成孔径雷达干涉(interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR)技术的协同评价方法。以永善县木垮滑坡为例,结合区域地质资料和地面调查,利用无人机摄影测量获取了高精度数字高程模型(digital elevation model, DEM)、数字正射影像图(digital orthophoto map, DOM)以及实景三维模型,用于提取滑坡形态、规模以及承灾体空间分布等信息; 利用InSAR技术监测地表形变,识别滑坡变形区域与活动趋势。在此基础上,基于无人机高精度地面模型开展数值模拟,结合承灾体分布情况进行滑坡地质灾害风险评价。研究结果表明: ①利用该方法提取滑坡基本特征和诱发条件等相关因子进行风险评价,具有较好的适用性; ②滑坡区在不同工况条件下的风险总值均高于永善县滑坡平均财产损失,风险性为高风险,与地面核查结果一致。研究通过协同分析InSAR形变监测与无人机三维建模数据,有效整合了多源遥感信息,选取地质环境、滑坡基本特征和诱发条件等关键因子,建立了适用于单体滑坡的风险评价方法。研究表明该方法具有较高的科学性与适用性,可为滑坡的预防和治理提供科学依据,为后续相关研究提供参考。

       

      Abstract: In order to address the difficulties in data acquisition encountered in the field survey during the risk assessment of single landslide, the authors in this research proposed a collaborative evaluation method integrating UAV and InSAR technologies. And a case study of Mukua landslide in Yongshan County was chosen. On the basis of regional geological data and field investigations, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry was used to obtain high-precision digital elevation model (DEM), digital orthophoto map (DOM) and 3D reality models, and they were used to extract information on landslide morphology, scale and spatial distribution of the hazard-affected bodies. The surface deformation was detected, and the deformed areas and movement trends of landslides were identified, based on Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The numerical simulation was conducted using high-precision UAV-derived ground models, and landslide geological hazard risk assessment was carried out combined with the distribution of hazard-bearing bodies. The results showed that the risk assessment of related factors such as geological environment, landslide basic features, and triggering conditions extracted by this method has good applicability. The calculated total risk value of the landslide area under various scenarios exceeded the average property loss of the landslide in Yongshan County, and the risk level was high, which was consistent with the verification results. By synergistically analyzing InSAR-derived deformation data with UAV-based 3D modeling, this study effectively integrated multi-source remote sensing information. The key factors were selected, including geological environment, landslide characteristics, and triggering conditions, to establish a risk assessment method specifically tailored for individual landslides. The proposed method proved to be scientifically sound and highly applicable, and could offer significant technical support for geological hazard investigation and evaluation research.

       

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