实景三维技术在地质灾害识别中的应用分析

    Application analysis of 3D real scene technology in geological disaster identification

    • 摘要: “实景三维中国建设”的全面推进为地质灾害识别调查技术升级提供了全新机遇。针对当前地质灾害识别三维可视化应用不足以及精度适配机制缺失问题,系统对比不同精度实景三维模型下的地质灾害识别内容,并选取典型地质灾害开展实景三维场景综合遥感识别应用。研究结果表明,实景三维技术能够极大增强地质灾害的直观性与立体性,有助于提升地质灾害识别的工作效率、准确性和可视化的直观性,具有十分显著的应用价值与推广潜力。此外,实景三维模型的级别及其精度对地质灾害识别内容、准确性等具有较大影响,例如: 地形级实景三维通常能够识别变形特征不明显的中大型地质灾害边界特征,以及变形特征极为明显的小型地质灾害边界特征,适宜于开展广域的地质灾害识别; 城市级实景三维能够识别地质灾害变形要素特征,适宜于开展重点区域的地质灾害变形与微地貌精细识别; 部件级实景三维能够识别并提取岩体结构参数特征,适宜于开展重大地质灾害的稳定性及潜在失稳机制精准判识。研究成果明确了实景三维模型精度与地质灾害要素识别能力的量化关系,对实景三维技术在地质灾害领域的推广应用具有指导意义。

       

      Abstract: The comprehensive promotion of the construction of the 3D real scene China has provided an opportunity for the upgrading of geological disaster identification and investigation technology. In view of the insufficient application and the lack of precision adaptation mechanism of 3D visualization for geological disaster identification, the authors systematically compared the identifiable contents of geological disaster under 3D real scene with different precisions, and selected typical geological disasters to carry out the comprehensive remote sensing identification application of 3D real scene. The research results showed that 3D real scene technology could greatly enhance the intuitiveness and stereoscopic nature of geological disasters, which could help improve the efficiency, accuracy and visualization of geohazards identification. So the 3D real scene technology has very significant value and potential for popularization and application. The level and precision of the 3D real scene has a great impact on the content and accuracy of geological disaster identification. For example, the terrain-level 3D real scene can usually identify the boundary features of medium and large geological disaster with unobvious deformation features as well as the boundary features of small geological disaster with extremely obvious deformation features, and it is suitable for carrying out the identification of geological disaster in a wide area. The urban-level 3D real scene can identify the characteristic features of geological disaster deformation elements, and it is suitable for carrying out the fine identification of geological disaster deformation and micro-topography in key areas. Then, the component-level 3D real scene can identify and extract the characteristic parameters of rock mass structures, and it is suitable for accurately judging the stability and potential instability mechanism of major geohazards. The research results clarified the quantitative relationship between the accuracy of 3D real scene and the recognition ability of geohazard elements, which has guiding significance for the popularization and application of the 3D real scene technology in the field of geohazards.

       

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