Abstract: Pinglu Canal construction required long, deep foundation excavations that would largely alter the surrounding groundwater flow field. The key excavation section of Pinglu Canal was selected as the research object to establish a three-dimensional groundwater flow numerical model. The changes in the groundwater flow field under the condition of the drainage and drying period of Pinglu Canal construction and water storage submergence during operation were predicted. The results show that the current groundwater flow field in the study area is from south-west to north-east runoff in the northern Yujiang River basin and from north to south runoff in the southern Qinjiang River basin. And the groundwater flow field during the construction and operation phases was changed to the runoff of east-west canal channel section and discharged to the canal, and flowed into Qinjiang River with the canal from north to south. During the construction period of Pinglu Canal, the excavation depth of Madaotou cascade hubs was the largest, which had the greatest impact on the surrounding groundwater and resulted in the maximum groundwater level drawdown depth of 63.1 meters. The area with extensive groundwater level decline caused by the operation and water storage of Pinglu Canal was mainly in each navigation channel segment of the canal, with the maximum drawdown being 20.8 meters. The model prediction results have reflected the impacts of the construction of Pinglu Canal on the groundwater flow field, and provided data support for future of regulatory programs and preventive and control measures for subsequent water resource-environmental management, which could help alleviate the groundwater environmental problems that may be caused by the construction of the canal at the source.