Abstract: There are rich oil and gas resources in the South China Sea (SCS). In recent years, the striving for oil and gas resources in the SCS is increasingly intensive amang the surrounding countries and the contradiction of the ownership of territory and oil and gas resources has also become increasingly apparent. Therefore, it is of great significantce to protecting China’s marine rights, resources and environment by monitoring the distribution and changes of the offshore oil and gas platform in time. In order to optlmize the detection of oil and gas platform, the authors have summarized and analyzed the research of remote sensing monitoring on the oil and gas platform in the SCS from two aspects—the selection of the data source and the recognition method for remote sensing images. According to the current requirements of the oil and gas platform monitoring in the SCS, the authors have also analyzed the related problems and challenges, and put forward some suggestions for the future research.