Abstract: In order to study the characteristics of natural resources dynamic changes in Southwest China, the authors in this paper have taken the forest and cultivated land natural resources region of Southwest China as the research object and identified the factor indicators and their weights, based on the results of the first-level regionalization of China’s comprehensive regionalization of natural resources. The second-level and third-level natural resources comprehensive regionalization of this region have been carried out according to the regionalization scheme, and 6 natural resources sub-regions (second-level) and 11 natural resource districts (third-level) have been divided, with the analysis of the characteristics of natural resources dynamic changes within the regions. The natural resources in the study area are mainly forest, cultivated land and grassland, and the natural resources changes mainly focused on the transformation among forest, cultivated land and grassland. The transformation between forest and cultivated land was mainly distributed in Guizhou and Chongqing, while the transformation between forest and grassland and between cultivated land and grassland was mainly distributed in Yunnan and Shaanxi. The area of construction land has increased significantly, mainly distributed in provincial capitals and municipalities directly under the Central Government. All kinds of resources have changed obviously, but the whole area has basically kept a dynamic balance, which means the natural resources have changed within a reasonable range. The cultivated land in Sichuan Basin and the forest in Western Guangxi have been well protected. The superior resources in each division are obvious, and the change characteristics between divisions are different, which can provide some decision support for the unified management of natural resources such as natural resource allocation and land spatial planning.